Mathematics
The math program strives to equip each student with the skills to think logically and analytically and to articulate strategies for solving problems, particularly those related to math and science. We seek to develop a student’s understanding of algebra and other mathematical concepts throughout the curriculum. Topics in each subject are explored visually, symbolically, and verbally. Scientific and graphing calculators and various software applications are used as instruments for exploration and deeper understanding. Our aim is to encourage students to become confident in their math abilities and to recognize math as a powerful subject and tool. The standard mathematics progression is rigorous, leading to advanced courses in calculus and statistics. In addition, accelerated courses are offered at each grade level, starting in eighth grade. These courses move at a faster pace and explore topics in greater depth and breadth.
MATHEMATICS COURSE OFFERINGS 2021-22
Lines indicate typical course progression, but students may deviate from this in some instances. Calculus or Integral Calculus students may concurrently add a Statistics course in 12th grade with departmental approval.
Courses
MTH310 Applications in Algebra
can fulfill required major for grade 9
The Applications in Algebra course gives students an opportunity to further explore the connections between Algebra I topics and the real world. Students build foundational comprehension of algebra concepts and skills as they examine how mathematics can be used to analyze and model the world around them. Particular emphasis will be placed on constructing methods for exploring what algebra can teach us about topics in social justice, the sciences, and economics.
MTH420 Geometry
can fulfill the required major for grades 9 or 10 | prerequisite: Algebra I or Accelerated Algebra I
This course in Euclidean geometry includes the study of geometric figures, shapes, angles, parallel lines, similarity and congruence, circles, area and volume, coordinate geometry, and introductions to analytic geometry, and trigonometry. The deductive thought process is emphasized throughout this course, and algebraic skills are reviewed and reinforced. Through the process of writing two-column proofs, students construct logical arguments and develop valid conclusions. Students will explore and visualize concepts using dynamic geometric software. The goal of this course is for students to think geometrically and to see geometry in the world around them.
MTH430 Accelerated Geometry
can fulfill the required major for grade 9 | prerequisite: Accelerated Algebra I; departmental approval required
This course takes a strong analytical approach to the study of Euclidean geometry. Progression through this course is broader and more rigorous than MTH420 Geometry. Some topics of study include geometric figures, shapes, angles, parallel lines, similarity and congruence, circles, area and volume, coordinate geometry, and trigonometry. Proofs are emphasized throughout the year to develop strong deductive reasoning. Students will explore and visualize concepts using dynamic geometric software. Algebra will be used frequently in the development and solving of problems. Through the process of making conjectures and testing hypotheses, students will develop a deeper appreciation of thinking geometrically, as they defend their thought processes.
MTH520 Algebra II
can fulfill the required major for grades 10 or 11 | prerequisite: Geometry
Building from the topics covered in Algebra I, this course guides students through an exploration of linear and nonlinear functions. Students gain fluency in translating between representations of patterns as equations, tables, and graphs. Students also examine function behavior, particularly by exploring transformations and function inverses. Throughout the course, real world applications and problem solving activities will provide students with the opportunity to demonstrate a deeper understanding of the material. Students will also use the TI-Nspire, online graphing calculators, and web resources as they explore these topics.
MTH530 Analysis of Functions
can fulfill the required major for grade 10 | prerequisite: Accelerated Geometry; departmental approval required
This accelerated level course moves at a brisk pace while covering a robust selection of topics from Algebra II and Precalculus. The course focuses on algebraic manipulation of expressions, equations, and inequalities. Students will make deep connections between functions and their graphs and explore graphs of non-functions not encountered in previous courses. Rich problem solving and proof writing opportunities are integrated into each unit, providing students with a solid base to enter the two-year Differential and Integral Calculus sequence. Students are encouraged to engage with each other to develop understanding through classroom discourse and to persevere through complex, abstract topics.
MTH610 Functions and Trigonometry
can fulfill the required major for grades 11 or 12 | prerequisite: Algebra II
Functions and Trigonometry can be an alternative to Precalculus. This course expands on topics from Algebra II and focuses on enhancing students’ algebra and problem-solving skills. Topics include exponential and logarithmic functions, polynomial and rational functions, and trigonometric functions, sequences, and series. This course is for students who have completed Algebra II and wish to strengthen and broaden their mathematical background.
MTH620 Precalculus
can fulfill the required major for grades 11 or 12 | prerequisite: Algebra II; departmental approval required
Precalculus builds on material from Algebra II and provides a necessary foundation for further mathematical studies. Polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions are explored graphically and algebraically. Additionally, Precalculus includes a study of trigonometry from analytical and graphical perspectives, bringing together concepts learned in Geometry and Algebra II. Students planning on taking Calculus must take Precalculus.
MTH630 Differential Calculus: Advanced
can fulfill the required major for grade 11 | prerequisite: Analysis of Functions; departmental approval required
Differential Calculus delves deeply into the topics of limits, derivatives, and derivative applications. This is the first year of our accelerated two-year study of calculus. It covers material that is typically found in the first course of college calculus. In addition to the foundational skills of calculus, the course covers selected advanced precalculus topics. Students in Differential Calculus can expect to explore and discover differentiation rules and their underlying reasoning through labs, proofs, and technology. This course aims to build strong mathematical thinkers and communicators and an emphasis is placed on proper notation and the formation of a strong mathematical argument. Students who take this course are expected to complete the calculus sequence by taking Integral Calculus the following year.
MTH720 Calculus: Advanced
major elective | grade: 12 | prerequisite: Precalculus; departmental approval required
Calculus begins with a review of essential material from previous courses, which leads to the central calculus concept of a limit, the underlying foundation of the derivative, and the integral. In addition to exploring these big ideas, the course delves into the procedures involved in differentiating and integrating a variety of functions and then explores applications of these calculus techniques. This course covers the skills and concepts of a first-year college-level course.
MTH730 Integral Calculus and Series: Advanced
major elective | grade: 12 | prerequisite: Differential Calculus; departmental approval required
Integral Calculus is a thorough investigation of the integral and its role in the study of calculus. This is the second year of our accelerated two-year study of calculus. It covers material that is typically found in the second course of college calculus. The integral is built upon the ideas of limits, summation, and the infinite; that is where the course starts. The main content consists of techniques of integration, applications of the integral, and infinite series. The work is rich, algebraically intense, and detailed. Students are guided to craft solid and clear mathematical arguments, and they will see many previously learned techniques surface throughout this work.
MTH710 Applications in Statistics: Advanced
major elective | grade: 12 | prerequisite: Algebra II or Analysis of Functions
If mathematics is the language that describes the natural world, statistics is the language of society. This yearlong, project-based course emphasizes statistical literacy through exposure to the foundational concepts of statistics while also exploring the relevance and role of modern day statistics. Topics included are displaying data numerically and visually in one and two quantitative variables, designing experiments and surveys, understanding basic probability, and introductory statistical inference. The main goal of the course will be to use these tools and techniques to represent and interpret data in meaningful ways while also developing the tools to critically evaluate verbal and written claims made from data by individuals and organizations in our society. In addition, students will be required to read at least one nonfiction work reflecting current scholarship in statistics.
MTH810 Accelerated Statistics: Advanced
major elective | grade: 12 | prerequisite: Algebra II or Analysis of Functions; departmental approval required
This accelerated course begins with the same foundational topics and goals of Applications in Statistics. However, students in this class move through these concepts at a quicker pace, exploring more challenging problems and examples with a stronger emphasis on the formal mathematical derivations of procedures as they are developed. Students will cover the full range of inference procedures from a first-semester college statistics course, including one and two means and proportions, slope, and chi-square. It will then move on to more advanced topics, including curve straightening, statistical programming, multiple regression, and nonparametric tests.
MTH830 Topics in Advanced Mathematics
major elective | grade: 12 | prerequisite: Integral Calculus; departmental approval required
Study in advanced mathematics is available to students who have completed our typical course offerings. Based on the number of qualified students, as well as their interests and background, course offerings and course formats may vary. Previous offerings have included Multivariable Calculus and Linear Algebra. Students have studied advanced topics in mathematics in courses offered by GFS faculty, the Global Online Academy, or another online course. Interested students should consult with the department head about available course offerings.